Android的自动化测试有很多框架，其中uiautomator是google官方提供的黑盒UI相关的自动化测试工具，case使用java写，今天实践了一下中样例程序，其中还是有一些小问题需要总结一下的。
1、使用ADT创建一个java的项目
在创建项目的时候要加上JUnit与你使用的Android platforms中对应的android.jar与uiautomator.jar
2、新建一个包(我这里就只叫com)
3、再这个包下创建一个class，输入以下java代码,代码全是官方文档上的代码，除了最上面的package
package com;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiObject;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiObjectNotFoundException;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiScrollable;import com.android.uiautomator.core.UiSelector;import com.android.uiautomator.testrunner.UiAutomatorTestCase;public class Runer extends UiAutomatorTestCase { public void testDemo() throws UiObjectNotFoundException { // Simulate a short press on the HOME button. getUiDevice().pressHome(); // We’re now in the home screen. Next, we want to simulate // a user bringing up the All Apps screen. // If you use the uiautomatorviewer tool to capture a snapshot // of the Home screen, notice that the All Apps button’s // content-description property has the value “Apps”. We can // use this property to create a UiSelector to find the button. UiObject allAppsButton = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .description("Apps")); // Simulate a click to bring up the All Apps screen. allAppsButton.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); // In the All Apps screen, the Settings app is located in // the Apps tab. To simulate the user bringing up the Apps tab, // we create a UiSelector to find a tab with the text // label “Apps”. UiObject appsTab = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .text("Apps")); // Simulate a click to enter the Apps tab. appsTab.click(); // Next, in the apps tabs, we can simulate a user swiping until // they come to the Settings app icon. Since the container view // is scrollable, we can use a UiScrollable object. UiScrollable appViews = new UiScrollable(new UiSelector() .scrollable(true)); // Set the swiping mode to horizontal (the default is vertical) appViews.setAsHorizontalList(); // Create a UiSelector to find the Settings app and simulate // a user click to launch the app. UiObject settingsApp = appViews.getChildByText(new UiSelector() .className(android.widget.TextView.class.getName()), "Settings"); settingsApp.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); // Validate that the package name is the expected one UiObject settingsValidation = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .packageName("com.android.settings")); assertTrue("Unable to detect Settings", settingsValidation.exists()); UiObject reportBug = new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("Sound")); reportBug.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); UiObject soundValidation = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .text("Volumes")); assertTrue("Unable to detect Sound", soundValidation.exists()); getUiDevice().pressHome(); } } 3、使用ant工具生成build.xml
我这里在使用ADT自已的ant插件时提示
build.xml:26: Class not found: javac1.8
网上查了查，是插件与我java环境不符，下载最新的ant插件就可以了
下载这个tar.gz包，解压，然后将apache-ant-1.9.4\bin目录添加到环境变量PATH中
然后cmd到android sdk的tools目录，使用andrlid list命令，记住你将要在模拟器中运行的(也是你刚刚导入android.jar与uiautomator.jar包时所在的platforms)
在cmd下使用
android create uitest-project -n-t -p
-n 为生成的jar包名称，自已任意定义，
-t 为上面查看到的值，我这里是1
-p 为输出路径，这里就是刚才创建的java项目所在的路径
android create uitest-project -n AutoRunner -t 1 -p D:\myAndroidStudy\androidTest
然后再cmd进入D:\myAndroidStudy\androidTest，使用ant build命令生成AutoRunner.jar文件
4、将这个AutoRunner.jar文件push到模拟器中
adb push AutoRunner.jar /data/local/tmp
5、使用adb shell uiautomator runtest AutoRunner.jar –c com.Runer 使Runer类运行
我的代码里又在官方基础上多了一个点击”sound”的操作与点击Home键操作
UiObject reportBug = new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("Sound")); reportBug.clickAndWaitForNewWindow(); UiObject soundValidation = new UiObject(new UiSelector() .text("Volumes")); assertTrue("Unable to detect Sound", soundValidation.exists()); getUiDevice().pressHome(); 这个其实也只是一个简单的玩具代码，没有什么意义，但是官方作为一个引导，其中也使用了一些最常见的接口。以后再深入的学习uiautomator